Heart disease remains a leading cause of death globally, with a significant impact in Kenya due to limited access to preventive care and late diagnosis. Dr. Mohamed Jeilan, an interventional cardiologist at Aga Khan University Hospital, discusses the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for heart conditions.

Recognizing Heart Disease Symptoms

According to Dr. Mohamed, heart disease symptoms can be subtle but include chest discomfort, shortness of breath, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, and pain in areas such as the jaw or neck. Women may experience nausea, indigestion, or cold sweats. Swelling in the legs or abdomen may also indicate fluid buildup related to heart issues.

He advises seeking prompt cardiology consultation if symptoms like chest pain lasting over 10 minutes occur, especially when accompanied by nausea or sweating. Diagnostic tests such as ECGs and blood work help confirm the condition and guide immediate treatment.

Understanding Heart Attacks and Treatment

A heart attack typically results from a blood clot blocking a coronary artery. Treatment in remote areas may involve clot-dissolving medication, while more advanced care includes procedures at catheterization labs (Cath labs). These labs use imaging technology to perform minimally invasive interventions such as angioplasty and stent placement.

Aga Khan University Hospital operates two Cath labs, handling one to two cases daily, reflecting a fivefold increase in demand over the past decade. This rise underscores the need for expanded cardiac care facilities.

Major Risk Factors for Heart Disease

  • Poor diet
  • Smoking
  • Lack of exercise
  • Excessive alcohol use
  • Diabetes and obesity
  • High cholesterol
  • Stress and inadequate sleep
  • Age and genetics

Dr. Mohamed recommends regular blood pressure and cholesterol screening at least every two years to identify risks early.

Rehabilitation and Recovery

Patients recovering from heart procedures benefit significantly from structured rehabilitation programs. Aga Khan Hospital provides a multidisciplinary team to support recovery, improving survival rates compared to self-managed care.

Dr. Mohamed emphasizes the importance of awareness about heart disease warning signs and encourages regular medical check-ups to detect and manage cardiovascular risks promptly.