The Pharmacy and Poisons Board (PPB) has authorized seven new semaglutide-based medications in Kenya, broadening treatment options for individuals managing type 2 diabetes. This move comes as demand for semaglutide drugs continues to increase nationwide.

Semaglutide, a prescription drug that mimics a natural hormone to lower blood sugar and suppress appetite, was added to the World Health Organization’s Model List of Essential Medicines in 2025. Kenya previously had two main semaglutide products, Ozempic and Wegovy, both produced by Novo Nordisk, alongside a recently launched generic called Truglyx.

Different Uses for Similar Ingredients

Though the new medicines share the same active ingredient, PPB CEO Dr Ahmed Mohamed emphasized that their approved uses vary. Ozempic is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes to improve blood sugar control alongside lifestyle changes, while Wegovy is specifically approved for weight management in adults with high body mass index (BMI).

Warnings Against Unsupervised Consumption

The regulator has strongly cautioned against the unsupervised use of semaglutide products, particularly for weight loss. Dr Mohamed urged the public to avoid self-medication or purchasing these drugs from unauthorized sources due to risks such as side effects and counterfeit products.

"Semaglutide-containing medicines are prescription-only and must be taken under medical supervision after proper assessment," he said.

Cost and Accessibility

While the PPB does not regulate retail prices, generic semaglutide drugs reportedly cost between KSh 13,000 and KSh 18,500 per month, significantly less than original brands priced between KSh 50,000 and KSh 75,000 per injection. This price difference may improve access for some patients, though affordability remains a challenge for long-term treatment.

Health Implications and Monitoring

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, and abdominal pain. More severe complications like dehydration, pancreatitis, and gallbladder issues highlight the importance of medical oversight. Additionally, weight regain after stopping treatment raises concerns about sustained use and costs.

Growing Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases

As Kenya faces rising rates of diabetes and obesity, having multiple approved semaglutide options offers healthcare providers more tools for management. However, the PPB stresses that correct prescribing, patient education, and regular monitoring are crucial to ensure safe and effective use.

Dr Mohamed concluded by reminding patients that semaglutide is not an ordinary weight-loss drug and should only be used as directed by qualified healthcare professionals through authorized channels.