As Somalia grapples with a political impasse over President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud’s term extension and electoral reforms, civil society groups have emerged as key mediators seeking to prevent conflict and promote consensus.

By late May, tensions escalated with opposition forces challenging the legality of President Mohamud’s continued tenure following constitutional amendments extending his term by a year. The dispute raised fears of violent clashes in Mogadishu and potential gains for al-Shabaab militants.

Inclusive Dialogue on Electoral Models

Under Turkish facilitation, a second round of talks resumed in Mogadishu, bringing together the Federal Government, opposition factions, and civil society representatives. The discussions focus on agreeing a transitional electoral framework amid competing proposals:

  • The Federal Government and some opposition groups advocate for political party involvement in elections, emphasizing broader representation.
  • The Somalia Future Council (SFC) favors direct clan-based voting by registered local voters, citing time constraints for party registration.
  • Civil society proposes a hybrid constituency-based multiparty model, combining clan selection with direct voter participation.

Key civil society actors, including the Somali Non-State Actors (SONSA) network, have convened consultative meetings to assess electoral options and urge political leaders toward compromise. Activists like Maryan Taqal of the Coalition of Grassroots Women's Organisations stress the importance of enforceable measures to enhance women's political representation.

Challenges and Calls for Political Will

Despite setbacks in reaching consensus, research presented by groups like Independence House highlights low voter turnout and electoral irregularities, underscoring the need for transparent processes. Experts emphasize maintaining Somalia’s clan-based power-sharing system while modernizing electoral mechanisms.

SONSA Chairman Osman Mohydin Shatah calls for responsible compromise and federal consensus to establish an inclusive electoral framework. Meanwhile, analysts advocate for direct negotiations among principal political leaders, citing a lack of political will as the core obstacle.

The evolving dialogue reflects Somalia’s complex political landscape, where civil society’s engagement is pivotal to averting instability and advancing democratic governance.