Iron deficiency anaemia affects over a billion people worldwide, often going unnoticed until symptoms like fatigue, hair loss, or pale skin appear. Health educator Dr Eric Berg highlights that many individuals rely on iron supplements without addressing the root causes of their deficiency.

Common Symptoms and Causes

Iron deficiency can manifest through fatigue, brittle nails, hair thinning, muscle twitching, and cravings for non-food items like ice or clay. Women are particularly vulnerable due to menstrual blood loss, with heavy periods being a major factor.

Other causes include:

  • Gastrointestinal bleeding from ulcers or haemorrhoids
  • Colon cancer presenting with hidden bleeding
  • Low stomach acid, often worsened by antacid use, impeding iron absorption
  • Chronic inflammation and digestive disorders
  • Diet low in heme iron, the form found in animal products

Diet and Iron Absorption

Berg emphasizes the importance of consuming iron from animal sources such as red meat, liver, seafood, and eggs, which offer better absorption compared to plant-based non-heme iron found in beans and grains. He cautions that bread and pasta, often fortified with poorly absorbed iron compounds, may irritate the gut and hinder iron uptake.

Additionally, substances like phytic acid in grains, oxalates in some plants, excessive bran, and certain oils can block iron absorption. Copper deficiency, influenced by factors like antibiotics and poor soil quality, may also impair iron metabolism.

Risks of Excess Iron and Supplementation

While iron deficiency is common, too much iron poses health risks including liver damage, heart disease, and neurodegenerative conditions. Dr Berg advises against routine iron supplementation without medical guidance, as unabsorbed iron can harm gut health and promote harmful bacteria growth.

Recommendations

  • Seek medical evaluation for symptoms like unexplained fatigue, heavy menstrual bleeding, or hair loss.
  • Address underlying causes such as gut inflammation or low stomach acid before supplementing.
  • Prioritize iron-rich animal foods over supplements.
  • Consider gut health and avoid foods that may trigger inflammation.
  • Ensure adequate vitamin D and copper intake from natural sources like shellfish and organ meats.

Ultimately, managing iron deficiency requires a comprehensive approach rather than simple supplementation, with professional diagnosis and tailored treatment essential for effective recovery.