Professor Njuguna Ndung'u, former Cabinet Secretary for the National Treasury, has openly criticised President William Ruto's leadership approach, describing it as a "one-man show" that sidelines independent institutions. Speaking at a conference in Sweden, Prof Ndung'u accused the Head of State of frequent interference that restricts these institutions' ability to perform their duties effectively.
He highlighted what he termed an "institutional failure problem," where the President's dominance leads to a culture of conformity driven by fear among officials. "Right now, the current president overruns all the institutions," Ndung'u stated, emphasising his refusal to compromise during his tenure at the Treasury.
These remarks mark Prof Ndung'u's first public reflection since his removal from Cabinet following the 2024 Gen Z-led anti-tax protests, which erupted over the contentious Finance Bill 2024. The bill proposed new taxes on motor vehicles, bread, and increased excise duties on mobile money and airtime.
Hands-On Leadership Style
President Ruto's management style contrasts sharply with his predecessors, Uhuru Kenyatta and Mwai Kibaki, who allowed ministers more autonomy. Ruto, by contrast, is known for his direct involvement in government operations, often personally engaging with Principal Secretaries and Cabinet Secretaries.
In a 2023 State House address, the President questioned why he often knew more about ministry affairs than his ministers, asserting that this indicated a problem. He openly admitted to frequently calling his PSs to stay informed, underscoring his expectation that they provide sound advice backed by comprehensive information.
Internal Frictions and Policy Disagreements
Prof Ndung'u also revealed tensions within the Kenya Kwanza administration, particularly regarding tax policy. He opposed the notion that raising tax rates would necessarily increase revenue, a stance that put him at odds with other economic advisers close to the President.
He referenced his 2019 policy brief warning that excessive tax hikes could reduce revenue, cautioning against over-reliance on taxation to finance government spending.
Broader Concerns Over Centralisation
The former Treasury CS’s critique adds to ongoing debates about President Ruto's concentration of power. Critics argue that the President often takes over roles traditionally assigned to Cabinet Secretaries and heads of autonomous agencies, complicating governance.
Following controversies such as the 2025 Kenya Medical Supplies Authority (Kemsa) scandal, where the President dismissed the entire board, concerns about presidential overreach have intensified.
Opposition figures like Raila Odinga have called for clearer delegation of policy responsibilities to ministers, arguing that the President’s direct involvement in ministry affairs undermines effective governance.
Despite the criticism, supporters of President Ruto praise his hands-on approach as decisive and reflective of a leader deeply engaged in the country's affairs.
