A recent study published in The Lancet Public Health reveals that while global life expectancy has risen from 64.6 years in 1990 to 73.8 years in 2023, the proportion of life spent in poor health has also increased. On average, people now spend 14.5% of their lives dealing with illness, up from 13.6% in 1990.

The research, covering 204 countries and territories, highlights a widening gap between lifespan and healthy life expectancy, known as the morbidity gap, which has grown in nearly every country studied. This means many are living longer but with chronic conditions that affect quality of life.

Main Contributors to Poor Health in Later Years

  • Low back pain
  • Hearing loss
  • Depression and anxiety
  • Falls and mobility issues

These conditions account for over half of all years lived with illness globally. Women tend to live longer than men but also experience more years in poor health. Wealthier nations show the largest morbidity gaps, as medical advances extend life even when chronic diseases persist.

Implications for Healthcare Systems

Experts emphasize that healthcare should prioritize not only longevity but also maintaining health and independence as people age. Preventative measures, early detection, and management of chronic illnesses are vital. Regular screenings should expand beyond traditional checks to include assessments of hearing, memory, muscle strength, balance, and mobility.

Physical activity, including strength training and fall prevention, is crucial to preserving mobility. Mental health also plays a significant role, with depression, anxiety, hearing loss, and social isolation often interlinked and exacerbating overall health decline.

Social Connections and Quality of Life

Maintaining strong relationships with family, friends, and communities contributes significantly to healthier ageing. Socially engaged older adults generally enjoy better health outcomes and quality of life.

Kenya’s Rising Burden of Chronic Diseases

Kenya faces a growing challenge from non-communicable diseases, which account for nearly 40% of deaths. Conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, mental health disorders, hearing loss, and musculoskeletal problems are increasingly common as the population ages. Health experts warn that without enhanced investment in prevention, early diagnosis, and long-term care, more Kenyans will endure prolonged periods of illness and disability.

As populations age globally, success must be measured not only by longer lives but by the ability to remain active, independent, and healthy throughout those additional years.